Five layers do the work in each of these pads, and knowing what each one does explains why they hold what they hold. The top sheet is a non-woven fabric that captures liquid quickly and pulls it off the surface, so a paw stepping back onto the pad does not track it out again. Below that, fluffy pulp absorbs and locks liquids in seconds, and an SAP absorbent polymer core instantly changes what it takes in to gel rather than leaving it free to move around. The base is a PE film that stops anything reaching the floor.That combination is what prevents the overflow of urine that ruins a floor, keeping a dry and clean environment underneath even after a full accident, and it is why the pads are leak-proof rather than merely absorbent.At 36 by 24 inches these are the extra large size, enough coverage that a dog turning a circle before it goes still lands on the pad. That makes them suited to potty training, where a generous target matters most, and each pad is single use for easy clean up.Protection extends well past floors. The pads work under furniture and on sofas, inside dog crates, and across car seats, and being lightweight and portable they are an easy thing for pet owners on the go to pack. The order arrives as three bags of 50 pads each, 150 in total, weighing 15 pounds. They are disposable and cannot be recycled.